Canvas

Genesis, Exodus and Leviticus

Every named person, people and place in Genesis 1-50, then Exodus 1-40, then the sacred system of Leviticus 1-27, each cited by verse (NJPS 1985 naming)

Glossary

Abomination
Creatures that may not be eaten and whose carcasses are to be abominated: unfinned water life, listed birds, winged swarmers on four legs, and crawlers.
Adonai-nissi
Name Moses gives the altar after the defeat of Amalek; the NJPS note renders it "The LORD is my banner".
Alien fire
Fire which the LORD had not enjoined. Nadab and Abihu offered it and died.
Altar
The altar of burnt offering stands before the Tent entrance. A separate altar of aromatic incense is inside the Tent.
Anointed priest
The priest on whose head the oil was poured; his sin brings blame on the people, and he follows stricter rules.
Anointing oil
Oil used to consecrate the Tabernacle, the altar, Aaron and his sons. It stays upon them and bars them from mourning rites.
Arameans
Bethuel and Laban are each called 'the Aramean' of Paddan-aram.
Ark of the Pact
Acacia chest overlaid with gold, 2.5 by 1.5 by 1.5 cubits, that holds the Pact. Poles stay in its rings.
Azazel
The destination or recipient named for the second goat on the Day of Atonement. The text does not explain the name.
Birthright
The first-born's privileged standing. Esau sells his to Jacob for bread and lentil stew.
Blessing
A spoken grant of future fortune, e.g. Isaac's blessing of Jacob and Jacob's parting words to his twelve sons.
Bloodguilt
Guilt for shed blood, or guilt that rests on the offender in capital cases.
Bread of display
Loaves set on the table before the LORD always. NJPS leaves the number to Leviticus 24.
Breastpiece of decision
Square, doubled cloth of gold, yarns and linen, worn on Aaron's heart. Four rows of three stones, one for each of the twelve names; the Urim and Thummim go inside.
Burnt offering
An offering of cattle, sheep, goats or birds that is turned entirely into smoke on the altar.
Canaanites
Clans descended from Canaan son of Ham; 'then in the land' when Abram arrived.
Cherubim
Winged figures: two of gold on the ark cover, and woven into the curtains of the Tabernacle and the inner curtain.
Circumcision
The sign of the covenant between God and Abraham and his offspring.
Cloud and Presence
The pillars of cloud and fire lead Israel; the cloud covers Sinai and later the Tabernacle, and the Presence of the LORD fills it.
Concubine
A secondary partner whose children count in the line: Hagar, Reumah, Bilhah, Zilpah, Timna.
Covenant
A binding pact. God makes covenants with Noah, Abraham and Isaac; people also make pacts with each other (Abimelech, Laban).
Cover
The pure gold lid of the ark with two gold cherubim of one piece with it. The LORD speaks from above it, between the cherubim.
Cubit
Length measure used for every dimension of the Tabernacle and its furnishings.
Curtain
The woven partition, with cherubim, that separates the Holy from the Holy of Holies.
Cut off
Penalty of removal from kin or people, named for many offenses. The text does not say how it is carried out.
Daily offering
Two yearling lambs on the altar each day, one in the morning and one at twilight, each with flour, oil and wine.
Day of Atonement
Tenth day of the seventh month: self-denial, no work, and atonement for the people and the sanctuary.
Dolphin skins
Covering of the Tabernacle. The Hebrew word is uncertain; the NJPS note offers "dugong".
Edom
Name given to Esau, and the land of his descendants, "the country of Edom" in the hill country of Seir.
Ehyeh-Asher-Ehyeh
God's answer when Moses asks His name. The meaning is uncertain: variously "I Am That I Am", "I Am Who I Am" or "I Will Be What I Will Be" (NJPS note).
Eighth day
Day of the first public service, when the LORD's Presence appears. Also the day of circumcision and of many cleansing offerings.
El Shaddai
A divine name God uses when appearing to Abram and to Jacob.
Elevation offering
Portions lifted before the LORD, such as the breast of a well-being sacrifice, then given to the priests.
Ephod
A priestly garment put on Aaron and tied with its decorated band.
Exodus
Second book of the Torah: Israel in bondage in Egypt, the exodus, the covenant at Sinai and the building of the Tabernacle. This canvas follows NJPS names, spellings and verse numbers.
Expiation
The priest's act of atonement that removes guilt or impurity; the sinner is then forgiven or clean. NJPS "make expiation".
Feast of Booths
Seven days from the fifteenth of the seventh month, with an eighth-day solemn gathering. Citizens live in booths to recall the exodus.
First-born
Every first male issue of the womb is the LORD's. First-born sons are redeemed; a firstling ass is redeemed with a sheep or its neck is broken.
Fixed times
The sacred occasions the LORD sets for Israel: sabbaths, Passover, Unleavened Bread, the first sheaf, the fiftieth day, the blasts, the Day of Atonement and Booths.
Flood
Waters God brought on the earth when Noah was 600 years old. Afterwards the ark rested on the mountains of Ararat.
Frontlet
Pure gold plate on Aaron's headdress, engraved as holy to the LORD. It takes away sin arising from what the Israelites consecrate.
Genesis
First book of the Torah. It runs from creation (ch 1) to the death of Joseph in Egypt (ch 50).
Ghosts and familiar spirits
Consulting them is forbidden. A man or woman who has one is put to death by stoning.
Goat-demons
Beings after whom some Israelites stray when sacrificing in the open. Leviticus 17 orders all sacrifices brought to the Tent instead.
Group: A priest's household (6, 16, 21, 22)
The priest, his wife, his daughter and her husband, the slaves bought or born in his house, the anointed priest and his successor son.
Group: Adam to Noah
Adam's line through Seth, ten generations to Noah and his sons.
Group: Altar of burnt offering and enclosure (27, 38)
The copper altar and its fittings, the enclosure with hangings and posts, and the pegs and cords.
Group: Angel, conquest and borders (23)
The angel, the LORD's help against the nations, gradual conquest and the borders of the land.
Group: Animals named in Exodus
Livestock, plague creatures and animals whose skins or offering the Tabernacle needs.
Group: Anointing oil and incense (25, 30, 35)
The anointing oil and incense, their ingredients, and the bans on imitating them.
Group: Ark, table, lampstand and altars (25, 30, 37-38)
The ark of the Pact and its cover, the table, the lampstand, the incense altar and the laver, with their rings, poles and fittings.
Group: Blessings and curses (26)
The rewards for obedience, the five stages of punishment for disobedience, and the remembered covenant.
Group: Blood and food laws (3, 7, 17)
Prohibitions on fat, blood and carrion, and the rule to slaughter at the Tent entrance.
Group: Bodies of law
Summary nodes that group related laws under the closing statements of each section.
Group: Breastpiece stones (28, 39)
The twelve stones of the breastpiece in four rows, with the rows themselves.
Group: Clean and unclean creatures (11)
Land animals, water creatures, birds, insects and swarming things, each classed as edible or not.
Group: Craftsmen, construction, accounts and measures (25, 31, 35-39)
Bezalel, Oholiab and the artisans, the list of works, the building, the account of gold, silver and copper, and the cubit, span, handbreadth and talent.
Group: Crops and produce (9, 22-23)
Grain, flax, vineyards and the produce of the field named in the plagues and the laws.
Group: Day of Atonement and the Azazel goat (16)
Aaron's entry to the Shrine, the two goats, the purging of the sanctuary and the live goat sent to the wilderness.
Group: Defects that disqualify (21, 22)
Blemishes that bar a priest from the altar or an animal from being offered.
Group: Egypt and Joseph's court
Pharaoh, his courtiers, Potiphar's household, and Joseph's Egyptian family.
Group: Episodes in Egypt and Midian (1-6)
Oppression, the birth and flight of Moses, the burning bush, the signs and the first demand on Pharaoh.
Group: Esau, Edom and Seir
Esau's wives and descendants, the clans and kings of Edom, and the Horite line of Seir.
Group: Forbidden unions and practices (18, 20)
The list of forbidden sexual relations, Molech, and the penalties for each.
Group: Genesis to Sinai: Jacob's household, Levi's line and named Israelites
Jacob's household of seventy and the clan heads of Exodus 6, the line from Levi to Moses and Aaron with Moses' tribe and kin, and the named Israelites Hur, Joshua, Bezalel and Oholiab with their tribes and Joseph's bones.
Group: Gifts and materials (25, 35-36)
The gifts the Israelites bring for the sanctuary, the metals, yarns, skins, wood and stones named, and the pattern shown to Moses.
Group: God
One node for all divine names and epithets (LORD, El Shaddai, God Most High, El-roi and others).
Group: Hagar and Ishmael's line
Hagar, her son Ishmael, his twelve sons ('twelve chieftains') and daughters.
Group: Holiness and conduct (19, 20)
Laws on worship, neighbors, the poor, strangers, justice and honest dealing.
Group: Holy and most holy
The two degrees of holiness the Tabernacle, altar, oil and incense carry.
Group: Holy, profane, clean and unclean
The four states the priests must tell apart, plus the narrower labels unclean until evening and abomination.
Group: Households and kin named in the law (10, 20-22, 32)
Relatives as the law and narrative name them: parents, spouse, children, brother, the slave's wife and children, the seduced virgin's father, widow and orphans. Roles, not named persons.
Group: Impurity: sources and states (11-15, 22)
Carcasses, childbirth, skin affections, cloth and house plagues, discharges and corpses.
Group: Isaac and Rebekah
Abraham's son Isaac, his wife Rebekah and her nurse Deborah.
Group: Israelite community and its roles
Congregation, elders, chieftain, citizen, stranger, slave, laborer, redeemer and others the laws address.
Group: Israelite groups and officials
The congregation, elders, chieftains, chiefs of thousands, the mixed multitude and the roles Israel is given at Sinai.
Group: Jacob, wives, 12 sons, Dinah
Jacob (Israel), Leah, Rachel, Bilhah and Zilpah, the twelve sons and Dinah.
Group: Jacob's descendants
Jacob's grandsons and great-grandsons listed among the seventy who came to Egypt, plus Judah's household (ch 38) and Machir.
Group: Killing, injury and animals that harm (21)
Fatal blows, striking parents, kidnapping, injury, a woman struck in a fight, a goring ox and a pit.
Group: Kin named in the laws (18-22, 25)
Relatives as the laws name them (your father's sister, your son's wife, the nearest redeemer). Roles, not named persons; the law nodes that name them point to them.
Group: Kings of Genesis 14
Four kings led by Chedorlaomer against five kings of the cities of the Plain, and Melchizedek of Salem.
Group: Line of Cain
Cain's descendants to Lamech's children Jabal, Jubal, Tubal-cain and Naamah.
Group: Lot, Moab and Ammon
Abram's nephew Lot, his family, and his sons Moab and Ben-ammi, fathers of the Moabites and Ammonites.
Group: Marah, manna, Amalek and Jethro (15-18)
Bitter water, manna and quail, water from the rock, the battle with Amalek and Jethro's counsel on judges.
Group: Measures (16, 21, 29-30, 38)
Shekel, gerah, sanctuary weight, hin and ephah as Exodus uses them (the shekel also fixes the penalty for a gored slave).
Group: Measures and units
Shekel, gerah, homer, ephah, hin and log, with the sanctuary weight.
Group: Moses' households: Midian and Pharaoh's daughter
The priest of Midian, his daughters, Zipporah and her sons, with Moses' sister, Miriam and Pharaoh's daughter.
Group: Nahor's line and Aram
Abraham's brother Nahor, his children by Milcah and Reumah, and the Aramean house of Bethuel and Laban.
Group: Non-human figures
Azazel, Molech, goat-demons, and ghosts and familiar spirits.
Group: Offering animals
Bull, ox, calf, sheep, goat, ram, lamb, turtledove and pigeon.
Group: Offering rites and ritual acts
Laying on hands, dashing and sprinkling blood, turning to smoke, expiation and eating in the sacred precinct.
Group: Offerings and gifts (28-30, 35)
Burnt, meal, well-being, sin, ordination and other offerings, the daily offering, incense and the census ransom.
Group: Offerings and sacred donations (1-7, 22, 24)
The kinds of offering, the cases that call for them, and who may eat what.
Group: Ordination of the priests (28-29, 40)
The ordination of Aaron and his sons: washing, vesting, anointing and the three sacrifices, with the priestly line.
Group: Ordination, eighth day and Nadab and Abihu (8-10)
The seven-day ordination, the first public service, the death of Aaron's two sons and what followed.
Group: Passover, Unleavened Bread, first-born and the exodus (12-15, 22, 34)
The Passover rules, Unleavened Bread, the consecration of the first-born, the departure, the crossing and the Song of the Sea.
Group: Penalties and consequences
Penalties the laws name: cut off, death, stoning, fire, guilt, childlessness and others.
Group: Penalties and payments named in Exodus
Death, stoning, cut off, bloodguilt, restitution, double payment, ransom and the other consequences the laws name.
Group: Peoples and rulers of Canaan
The peoples listed in and around Canaan and their named rulers and landholders (Abimelech, Ephron, Hamor).
Group: Pharaoh, Egypt and the oppression (1-14)
Pharaoh, his court, magicians, taskmasters, army, the midwives and the Egyptians and Hebrews named in the early chapters.
Group: Places: Canaan and the Negeb
The land of Canaan, the Negeb, the cities of the Plain, and the southern wells and wildernesses. Region grouping is a layout aid.
Group: Places: Eden, Mesopotamia, Aram
Eden and its rivers, Shinar and its cities, Ur, Haran, Paddan-aram and the lands to the east. Region grouping is a layout aid.
Group: Places: Egypt
Egypt, the region of Goshen and Rameses, the city of On and the Nile.
Group: Places: Egypt, Midian and the mountain of God
Pithom, Raamses, Midian, the well, the burning bush and Horeb, the mountain of God.
Group: Places: Gilead, Edom, Seir
Places on Jacob's return route, the land of Edom and its kings' cities, and Seir. Region grouping is a layout aid.
Group: Places: Sinai and the camp
Mount Sinai, the wilderness of Sinai and the camp, with the Tent outside it.
Group: Places: the route and the promised land
Stops from Rameses to Rephidim, the Sea of Reeds, and the land and borders the LORD promises.
Group: Portions and materials
Blood, fat, flour, oil, frankincense, salt, incense and other substances the rites use.
Group: Portions, utensils and materials (27, 29)
The fat, kidneys, breast and thigh, bread and wafers of the ordination, and the altar utensils.
Group: Priestly vestments (28, 39)
The vestments for Aaron and his sons, the ephod and breastpiece with their parts, and the inscriptions and laws about them.
Group: Priests and priestly roles
The priest, the anointed priest, Aaron's daughters and the priestly males; a priest's household is its own group.
Group: Purification acts (11-15)
Washing, bathing, waiting, isolation, shaving, breaking vessels, the two-bird rite and the cleansing offerings.
Group: Rites and ritual acts (29-30)
Slaughter, laying on hands, dashing and pouring blood, turning to smoke, washing and the other acts of the offerings.
Group: Roles named in the law (12, 20-23, 29-30)
Strangers, citizens, slaves, hired laborers, the poor, witnesses and others the laws address.
Group: Rules for priests (21, 22)
Limits on mourning and marriage, disqualifying defects, and who may eat the sacred donations.
Group: Sabbath, festivals and fixed times (23)
The weekly sabbath and the yearly sacred occasions, with their dates and offerings.
Group: Sabbath, sabbatical year and festivals (23, 31, 34-35)
The sabbatical year, sabbath rest and penalty, the three pilgrimage festivals and first fruits.
Group: Sabbatical year, Jubilee and redemption (25)
The seventh year, the fiftieth year, redemption of land, houses and persons.
Group: Seduction, strangers, the poor and justice (22-23)
Seduction, sorcery, bestiality, the stranger, widows and orphans, loans, pledges, and fair judgment.
Group: Setting up the Tabernacle (40)
The command to set up the Tabernacle, its erection on the first day of the second year, and the Presence filling it.
Group: Signs and plagues (7-11)
The serpent sign and the plagues, with Pharaoh's responses and the places spared.
Group: Sinai: theophany, covenant and tablets (19-34)
Arrival at Sinai, the LORD's coming down, the covenant ceremony, the vision of God, Moses on the mountain and the tablets of the Pact.
Group: Slave laws (21)
Hebrew slaves, daughters sold as slaves, and a master's violence against a slave.
Group: Tabernacle structure (26, 36)
Cloths, tent, coverings, planks, bars, sockets, curtain and screen, and the Holy and Holy of Holies.
Group: Tabernacle, altars and places
The Tent of Meeting, Shrine, altar, furnishings and places of the camp and beyond.
Group: Table of Nations: Ham
Ham's descendants: Cush, Mizraim, Put and Canaan and their lines, including Nimrod.
Group: Table of Nations: Japheth
Japheth's descendants; from these the maritime nations branched out.
Group: Table of Nations: Shem to Nahor
Shem's descendants (ch 10) and the line from Shem to Nahor, grandfather of Abram (ch 11).
Group: Terah, Abraham, Keturah
Terah's household, Abraham and Sarah, their servants, and Abraham's sons by Keturah.
Group: The blasphemer's family (24)
The unnamed son of an Israelite woman and an Egyptian, his mother Shelomith of Dan, and the man he fought.
Group: The blasphemy case (24)
The incident, custody, ruling and stoning, with the laws given on that occasion.
Group: The LORD and his presence
The LORD, who speaks to Moses and Aaron; his Presence and the fire from before him.
Group: The LORD, angel, Presence, cloud and other gods
The LORD under his names, the angel before Israel, the Presence, the pillars and cloud, cherubim, other gods and the Destroyer.
Group: The molten calf, Presence and renewal (32-34)
The molten calf, the tablets broken, the Levites' action, the Tent outside the camp, the name proclaimed and the renewed covenant.
Group: The Ten Commandments and the rules (20-23)
The ten commandments spoken to the people, with the consequences attached to the second, and the body of rules that follows.
Group: Theft, damage and custody (21-22)
Theft of animals, burglary, damage by livestock or fire, goods and animals left in custody, borrowing.
Group: Vestments and oracle
Aaron's tunic, sash, robe, ephod, breastpiece, headdress and the linen garments of the Day of Atonement.
Group: Vows, valuations and tithes (27)
Valuation scale for vowed persons, vowed animals, houses and fields, firstlings, proscribed things and tithes.
Group: Worship, altars and gods (20-23, 34)
Altar rules, the ban on other gods and images, and the commands about the inhabitants of the land.
Guilt offering
A ram for trespass against sacred things or a neighbor, with restitution plus one fifth. For a cleansed leper it is a male lamb.
Hebrew
Term applied to Abram and to Joseph.
Hittites
The people of the land at Hebron, from whom Abraham bought the cave of Machpelah.
Holiness Code
Scholars' name for Leviticus 17-26, whose refrain is "be holy, for I am holy".
Holy and Holy of Holies
The two spaces of the Tabernacle: the table, lampstand and incense altar lie outside the curtain, the ark behind it.
Holy, profane, clean, unclean
The priests must distinguish the holy from the profane and the unclean from the clean, and teach Israel the laws.
Horites
Clans descended from Seir the Horite, settled in the land of Seir.
Impassioned
A name of the LORD in 34:14, given with the ban on worshipping any other god.
Israel
Name given to Jacob. His descendants who went down to Egypt are the Israelites.
JPS 1917
The Jewish Publication Society's earlier translation (1917), now public domain. Used here only to cross-check spellings.
Jubilee
The fiftieth year after seven weeks of years, proclaimed by a horn on the Day of Atonement. Land returns to its family and people go free.
Leprous affection
NJPS keeps the traditional rendering "leprosy" for Hebrew ṣara‘ath, which covers a range of skin conditions, and also applies to cloth and houses.
Leviticus
Third book of the Torah, 27 chapters. The LORD gives Moses the laws of offerings, purity, holiness, the calendar and the land, mostly from the Tent of Meeting and at Mount Sinai.
Machpelah
Cave and field facing Mamre, bought by Abraham from Ephron the Hittite. Burial place of Sarah, Abraham, Isaac, Rebekah, Leah and Jacob.
Manna
Fine flaky bread from the sky that Israel ate for forty years. The name goes with the question "What is it?" (Hebrew man hu, NJPS note).
Massah and Meribah
Names of the place at Rephidim: "Trial" and "Quarrel" (NJPS notes), for the quarrel with Moses and the testing of the LORD.
Meal offering
Choice flour with oil and frankincense. A token portion is burned; the rest goes to Aaron and his sons as most holy.
Molech
The recipient of offspring in the forbidden practice. The penalty is death by stoning, and the LORD cuts off the offender.
Molten calf
The gold image Aaron casts from the people's rings. They call it their god; Moses burns it, grinds it and has them drink it.
Most holy
A class of sacred portion, eaten only by the males of the priestly line in the sacred precinct.
Nephilim
Beings who appeared on earth in the era when divine beings took human wives.
NJPS
Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures, the New JPS translation of the Masoretic Text, first published complete in 1985. This canvas follows its spellings and verse numbers.
Offering by fire
The text's term for what is turned into smoke on the altar, "of pleasing odor to the LORD".
Omer
A tenth of an ephah. One omer of manna was gathered for each person each day.
Ordination
Consecrating Aaron and his sons as priests: washing, vesting, anointing and three sacrifices over seven days. The Hebrew is literally "fill the hand" (NJPS note).
Ordination offering
The second ram of the seven-day ordination of Aaron and his sons; its blood is put on the right ear, thumb and big toe.
Pact
The tablets inscribed by God, kept in the ark. NJPS says "Pact"; other translations say "Testimony" (NJPS note on 16:34).
Passover
The offering on the fourteenth day of the first month at twilight; the Feast of Unleavened Bread starts the next day.
Passover offering
The lamb or kid eaten on the night of the exodus; its blood on the doorposts marks the houses the LORD passes over. NJPS note: Hebrew pesah.
Patriarchs
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, named together as the fathers.
Pharaoh
Title of Egypt's ruler ('Pharaoh king of Egypt'); Genesis names no individual Pharaoh. Shown as two nodes: Abram's time (ch 12) and Joseph's time (ch 37-50).
Philistines
A people that came forth from Mizraim's line; Abimelech of Gerar is 'king of the Philistines'.
Plagues
The blows on Egypt from the blood to the death of the first-born. Goshen, or Israel's livestock and dwellings, is spared in several of them.
Proscribed
Something dedicated to the LORD that cannot be sold or redeemed. A proscribed human being is put to death.
Ransom (half-shekel)
Half a shekel by the sanctuary weight, paid by each person twenty or older when counted, so no plague comes through the enrollment.
Redeemer
The nearest kinsman, who may buy back land a relative sold, or redeem a relative sold into service.
Rules of chapters 21-23
The laws that follow the Ten Commandments: slaves, killing and injury, property, the poor, justice, the sabbatical year and festivals.
Sabbath
The seventh day of complete rest, a sacred occasion. The land also keeps a sabbath every seventh year.
Sacral vestments
The garments made for Aaron "for dignity and adornment": breastpiece, ephod, robe, fringed tunic, headdress and sash.
Sacrifice of well-being
A shared offering: fat is burned, the breast and right thigh go to the priests, and the offerer eats the rest within a set time. Thanksgiving, votive and freewill offerings are kinds of it.
Sanctuary weight
The standard for silver in valuations and penalties; a shekel is twenty gerahs.
Scope of the Exodus section
Exodus 1-40 in full, mapped by verse. Leviticus nodes that name the same thing (the ark, altars, vestments, offerings) are held in this section and also cite Leviticus.
Scope of this section
Leviticus 1-27 in full. Things Exodus also names or prescribes (the ark, altars, vestments, main offerings and rites) are held in the Exodus section and cite both books.
Sea of Reeds
The sea Israel crosses and the Egyptians drown in. The NJPS note says it is traditionally, but incorrectly, called the Red Sea.
Shekel
Unit of silver weight, used for the half-shekel ransom, the penalty for a gored slave and the metal totals of the Tabernacle.
Sheol
Where Jacob says he will go down mourning. Not mapped as a geographic place.
Shrine
The innermost area behind the curtain, with the cover of the ark. Aaron may enter only as 16:2-4 prescribes, and atonement is made there once a year.
Sin offering
Offering for unwitting sin and for impurity. The animal depends on who sinned: a bull for the anointed priest or the congregation, a male goat for a chieftain, a female goat or sheep for a common person.
Stranger or resident alien
A non-Israelite living among Israel. Many laws apply equally; the law of one standard covers stranger and citizen.
Tabernacle
The dwelling the LORD has Israel make "that I may dwell among them", built to a pattern shown on the mountain. It is also called the Tent of Meeting.
Table of Nations
Genesis 10: the descendants of Noah's sons Shem, Ham and Japheth, by clans, languages, lands and nations.
Talent
A large weight of metal. The NJPS note on 38:24 says a talent there equals 3,000 shekels.
Talion
Like-for-like penalties, from life for life to bruise for bruise, applied when serious harm follows a fight.
Tanakh
The Hebrew Bible: Torah (Teaching), Nevi'im (Prophets) and Ketuvim (Writings). The name is an acronym of the three divisions.
Ten Commandments
The words God spoke at Sinai and wrote on the tablets. NJPS notes that tradition varies in dividing and numbering them.
Tent of Meeting
The tent where the LORD speaks to Moses and where offerings are brought to its entrance. The verses also say Tabernacle; this canvas keeps the two names as separate nodes and does not equate them.
Terebinth
A tree; NJPS marks sites by them: the terebinth of Moreh and the terebinths of Mamre.
The LORD (YHWH)
NJPS prints the divine name as the LORD. It is traditionally not pronounced; Adonai, "the Lord", is read instead (NJPS note on 6:3).
Tribes of Israel
Jacob's twelve sons, 'the tribes of Israel, twelve in number'.
Unclean until evening
A temporary state that ends at sunset, usually after washing clothes or bathing.
Unleavened Bread
Seven-day festival in the month of Abib: no leaven in the houses, unleavened bread eaten, a sacred occasion on the first and seventh days.
Unwitting sin
Guilt incurred without knowing, later realized. Chapters 4-5 give the offering for each class of person.
Urim and Thummim
Objects placed in the breastpiece worn by Aaron. NJPS refers back to a note on Exodus 28:30.
Veil
Cloth Moses puts over his radiant face; he removes it when he goes in before the LORD.

Sources

  1. Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures. The New JPS Translation according to the Traditional Hebrew Text (Jewish Publication Society, 1985)
  2. Sefaria digital edition, version "Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures, published by JPS" (CC-BY-NC), Genesis 1-50, retrieved 2026-10-07
  3. The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917), public domain, via Sefaria; spelling cross-check only
  4. Wikipedia, "Hebrew Bible", retrieved 2026-10-07
  5. Wikipedia, "New Jewish Publication Society of America Tanakh", retrieved 2026-10-07
  6. Wikipedia, "Jewish Publication Society of America Version", retrieved 2026-10-07
  7. Wikipedia, "Generations of Noah" (Table of Nations), retrieved 2026-10-07
  8. Sefaria digital edition, version "Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures, published by JPS" (CC-BY-NC), Exodus 1-40, retrieved 2026-10-17
  9. NJPS translators' footnotes to Exodus, as given in the Sefaria edition (Hebrew terms and uncertain renderings)
  10. Sefaria digital edition, version "Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures, published by JPS" (CC-BY-NC), Leviticus 1-27, retrieved 2026-10-17
  11. NJPS translators' footnotes to Leviticus, as given in the Sefaria edition (Hebrew terms and uncertain renderings)
  12. Wikipedia, "Book of Leviticus", retrieved 2026-10-17

Data as of 2026-10-18, version 5.

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Genesis, Exodus and Leviticus: every entity and its relations

God

Adam to Noah

Line of Cain

Table of Nations: Japheth

Table of Nations: Ham

Table of Nations: Shem to Nahor

Terah, Abraham, Keturah

Nahor's line and Aram

Lot, Moab and Ammon

Hagar and Ishmael's line

Isaac and Rebekah

Esau, Edom and Seir

Jacob, wives, 12 sons, Dinah

Jacob's descendants

Egypt and Joseph's court

Peoples and rulers of Canaan

Kings of Genesis 14

Places: Eden, Mesopotamia, Aram

Places: Canaan and the Negeb

Places: Gilead, Edom, Seir

Places: Egypt

The LORD, angel, Presence, cloud and other gods

Genesis to Sinai: Jacob's household, Levi's line and named Israelites

Moses' households: Midian and Pharaoh's daughter

Pharaoh, Egypt and the oppression (1-14)

Israelite groups and officials

Roles named in the law (12, 20-23, 29-30)

Places: Egypt, Midian and the mountain of God

Places: the route and the promised land

Places: Sinai and the camp

Episodes in Egypt and Midian (1-6)

Signs and plagues (7-11)

Passover, Unleavened Bread, first-born and the exodus (12-15, 22, 34)

Marah, manna, Amalek and Jethro (15-18)

Sinai: theophany, covenant and tablets (19-34)

The Ten Commandments and the rules (20-23)

Worship, altars and gods (20-23, 34)

Slave laws (21)

Killing, injury and animals that harm (21)

Theft, damage and custody (21-22)

Seduction, strangers, the poor and justice (22-23)

Sabbath, sabbatical year and festivals (23, 31, 34-35)

Angel, conquest and borders (23)

Penalties and payments named in Exodus

Holy and most holy

The molten calf, Presence and renewal (32-34)

Gifts and materials (25, 35-36)

Tabernacle structure (26, 36)

Ark, table, lampstand and altars (25, 30, 37-38)

Altar of burnt offering and enclosure (27, 38)

Priestly vestments (28, 39)

Breastpiece stones (28, 39)

Ordination of the priests (28-29, 40)

Offerings and gifts (28-30, 35)

Rites and ritual acts (29-30)

Portions, utensils and materials (27, 29)

Anointing oil and incense (25, 30, 35)

Craftsmen, construction, accounts and measures (25, 31, 35-39)

Measures (16, 21, 29-30, 38)

Setting up the Tabernacle (40)

Crops and produce (9, 22-23)

Animals named in Exodus

Households and kin named in the law (10, 20-22, 32)

The LORD and his presence

The blasphemer's family (24)

The blasphemy case (24)

Priests and priestly roles

Israelite community and its roles

Offerings and sacred donations (1-7, 22, 24)

Offering rites and ritual acts

Portions and materials

Offering animals

Tabernacle, altars and places

Vestments and oracle

Ordination, eighth day and Nadab and Abihu (8-10)

Clean and unclean creatures (11)

Impurity: sources and states (11-15, 22)

Purification acts (11-15)

Day of Atonement and the Azazel goat (16)

Blood and food laws (3, 7, 17)

Forbidden unions and practices (18, 20)

Holiness and conduct (19, 20)

Rules for priests (21, 22)

Defects that disqualify (21, 22)

Sabbath, festivals and fixed times (23)

Sabbatical year, Jubilee and redemption (25)

Blessings and curses (26)

Vows, valuations and tithes (27)

Penalties and consequences

Measures and units

Non-human figures

Holy, profane, clean and unclean

Bodies of law

Kin named in the laws (18-22, 25)

A priest's household (6, 16, 21, 22)